Understanding congenital heart disease
Abstract
This article outlines the relevance of cardiovascular pathophysiology in the clinical presentation and management of the most common congenital heart defects and introduces clinically important aspects of the fetal and perinatal circulations. Explanation of how the results of basic investigations, such as the electrocardiogram and the chest X-ray, relate to pathophysiology is also presented.
Keywords: Chest X-ray, Congenital heart disease, Electrocardiogram, Pathophysiology
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PII: S0957-5839(05)00062-X
doi:10.1016/j.cupe.2005.06.003
© 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

